vision/eye
• the eyes of adult heterozygotes exhibit corneal opacity
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• the eyes of adult heterozygotes are often small
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• excessive secretions are always observed at the edges of adult heterozygous mutant eyelids, possibly due to infection, drying, or trauma
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• migration of eyelid epithelial cells appears to be defective
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• at E16.5, the upper and lower eyelids of wild-type embryos are fused in the midline, whereas those of heterozygous mutant embryos remain far apart due to defective migration of eyelid epithelial cells
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• heterozygotes are born with eyelids open, whereas the eyelids of wild-type littermates remain closed until 12 days after birth
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cellular
• in vitro, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) isolated from heterozygous embryos show ~47% reduction in their migratory ability relative to wild-type MEFs
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growth/size/body
weight loss
(
J:166602
)
• significant weight loss is observed with addition of 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to water, suggesting susceptibility to induced colitis
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integument
plush coat
(
J:88776
)
• coats have a velvet-like texture
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waved hair
(
J:88776
)
• the first coat is wavy
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• after the first coat, pelage hair loses its waviness and appears disoriented, with individual shafts projecting in different directions
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• heterozygotes are born with curly vibrissae
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