• no elevated reactive astrocytosis, neurodegeneration or somatic accumulation of alpha-synuclein is observed in brains of 20-month old mice compared to controls; no aggregates of alpha-synuclein form in mutant brains

• a moderate increase in microglial activation is observed in the brains of 20-month old animals

• a moderate increase in microglial activation is observed in the brains of 20-month old animals

• a moderate increase in microglial activation is observed in the brains of 20-month old animals

• neurite length is increased compared to in wild-type mice

• total neurite outgrowth is increased compare to in wild-type mice

• however, the number of primary neurites is normal

• longer than in wild-type mice

• somatic alpha synuclein in neurons is apparent at 12 months

• increased microglial activation is observed in the brain at 12 months

• numbers of residual neurons is significantly lower than non transgenic controls

• significant at 12 months

• the Golgi complex shows severe fragmentation in 12 month old animals

• neurodegeneration significant at 12 months

• increased microglial activation is observed in the brain at 12 months

• increased microglial activation is observed in the brain at 12 months

• no apparent neurodegeneration is observed in 12-month old mice; no significant elevation of astrocytosis, microgliosis or somatic accumulation of alpha-synuclein is detected in striatum at 12 months