Analysis Tools
cellular
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• exhibit defects in osteoblast differentiation
• osteoblasts grown in culture show reduced formation of bone modules, indicating reduced differentiation
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mortality/aging
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• die immediately after birth
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skeleton
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• malformed
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• alternations in the temporal processes of the squamous bone
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• malformation of the lesser horns and the body of the hyoid bone
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• the lesser horns are fused and show no articulation
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• incisor teeth are missing at E17.5, although tooth germs are detected at E13.5
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• at E18.5, the anterior part of the mandible is missing, however the posterior half appears normal
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• shorter lower jaw at E14.5 and E17.5
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• malformed
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• malformed
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micrognathia
(
J:115876
)
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• severe
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• malformed
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• thyroid cartilage is missing from the laryngeal cartilages
• however, the aryenoid, cricoid cartilages and the tracheal rings are normal
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• decrease in bone volume/total bone volume
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• exhibit defects in osteoblast differentiation
• osteoblasts grown in culture show reduced formation of bone modules, indicating reduced differentiation
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• virtual absence of osteoid seams in the trabeculae of developing bones, suggesting defect in extracellular matrix deposition
• trabeculae of bones are shorter and thinner than in wild-type
• decrease in trabeculae number per mm
• however, the growth plate is normal
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• E15.5 mutants show delayed bone formation
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• E15.5 mutants show delayed bone mineralization
• less mineralization of the maxilla and skull bones
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craniofacial
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• malformed
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• alternations in the temporal processes of the squamous bone
|
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• malformation of the lesser horns and the body of the hyoid bone
|
|
• the lesser horns are fused and show no articulation
|
|
• incisor teeth are missing at E17.5, although tooth germs are detected at E13.5
|
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• at E18.5, the anterior part of the mandible is missing, however the posterior half appears normal
|
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• shorter lower jaw at E14.5 and E17.5
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• malformed
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• malformed
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micrognathia
(
J:115876
)
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• severe
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• malformed
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• increased apoptosis in the first branchial arch at E10.5
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• the maxillary processes do not converge at the tip of the snout
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• palatal shelf mesenchyme generates bulges not seen in wild-type
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• at E17.5, the palatal shelves of mutant embryos fail to grow toward the fusion line
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• at E17.5
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• E17.5 mutants have a smaller and shorter tongue
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short tongue
(
J:115876
)
|
• E17.5 mutants have a shorter tongue
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embryo
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• increased apoptosis in the first branchial arch at E10.5
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limbs/digits/tail
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• shorter hindlimbs at E17.5
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digestive/alimentary system
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• palatal shelf mesenchyme generates bulges not seen in wild-type
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• at E17.5, the palatal shelves of mutant embryos fail to grow toward the fusion line
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• at E17.5
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• E17.5 mutants have a smaller and shorter tongue
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short tongue
(
J:115876
)
|
• E17.5 mutants have a shorter tongue
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respiratory system
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• malformed
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• thyroid cartilage is missing from the laryngeal cartilages
• however, the aryenoid, cricoid cartilages and the tracheal rings are normal
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growth/size/body
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• incisor teeth are missing at E17.5, although tooth germs are detected at E13.5
|
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• malformed
|
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• the maxillary processes do not converge at the tip of the snout
|
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• palatal shelf mesenchyme generates bulges not seen in wild-type
|
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• at E17.5, the palatal shelves of mutant embryos fail to grow toward the fusion line
|
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• at E17.5
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• E17.5 mutants have a smaller and shorter tongue
|
short tongue
(
J:115876
)
|
• E17.5 mutants have a shorter tongue
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