• die by E10.5

• smaller at E10.5-11.5

• smaller at E10.5-11.5

• reduced fat mass

• exhibited lipodystrophy

• brown adipocytes contained large multiloculated fat vacuoles not present in wildtype

• epididymal white adipose tissue contained a heterogeneous population of adipocytes with mostly small and medium sized cells, compared to the homozygous population of large adipocytes in wildtype

• reduced epididymal white adipose tissue depots

• heterozygous mutants gained less weight on a standard or high fat diet than wildtype after 3 months of age, however no differences in food intake or oxygen consumption

• males on a high-fat diet exhibited basal hyperinsulinemia

• exhibited higher serum free fatty acid levels on a standard diet than wildtype

• males on a high-fat diet exhibited insulin resistance, as evidenced by lower glucose infusion rates and impaired glucose uptake in skeletal muscle during clamp studies

• significantly lower levels of serum adiponectin levels than in wildtype on either a standard or high fat diet

• hepatic triglyceride levels were 1.8-fold greater on a standard diet and 1.46-fold greater on a high-fat diet compared to wildtype

• males on a high-fat diet display impaired glucose uptake in skeletal muscle during clamp studies

• hepatic triglyceride levels were 1.8-fold greater on a standard diet and 1.46-fold greater on a high-fat diet compared to wildtype

• 5 month old males exhibited macrovesicular fatty changes in midzonal and centrilobular locations and microvesicular fatty changes around the central vein, indicating hepatic steatosis

• females, but not males, were overtly hypertensive on either the standard or high-fat diet