Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• more than 90% of homozygotes survive until weaning, however the median survival time is only 47 days and 75% die before 100 days of age
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behavior/neurological
limb grasping
(
J:94718
)
cardiovascular system
| N |
• no differences in blood pressure compared to wild-type were seen on normal, high salt, or low salt diets
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craniofacial
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• skull-base growth in the nasooccipital direction is reduced, however calvarium growth is normal
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long incisors
(
J:94718
)
|
• elongation of the lower or upper incisors is frequently seen in mutants living past 100 days of age as a result of misalignment
|
malocclusion
(
J:94718
)
endocrine/exocrine glands
 |
• only primordial through secondary antral follicles are found
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small ovary
(
J:94718
)
|
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growth/size/body
long incisors
(
J:94718
)
|
• elongation of the lower or upper incisors is frequently seen in mutants living past 100 days of age as a result of misalignment
|
malocclusion
(
J:94718
)
|
• smaller body size is noticeable within a few days of birth and the size difference becomes progressively larger with age
• mutants that survive more than 100 days are 60-70% shorter in nasoanal length and weighed about 50% less than wild-type
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• after weaning mutants that die before 100 days cease to grow
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reproductive system
|
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• only primordial through secondary antral follicles are found
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small ovary
(
J:94718
)
|
|
|
|
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• the uterus lacks secondary gland structures
|
|
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• string-like uterine horn
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small uterus
(
J:94718
)
|
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• the uterine horn is string-like, with a very thin endometrium and myometrium
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• no oestrous cycles are present based on vaginal smears
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skeleton
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• skull-base growth in the nasooccipital direction is reduced, however calvarium growth is normal
|
long incisors
(
J:94718
)
|
• elongation of the lower or upper incisors is frequently seen in mutants living past 100 days of age as a result of misalignment
|
malocclusion
(
J:94718
)
|
• longitudinal growth of long bones in the limbs and vertebrae is reduced
• skull-base growth in the nasooccipital direction is reduced
|
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• terminally differentiated hypertrophic chondrocytes are almost completely absent
|
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• the columnar proliferating, prehypertrophic, and hypertrophic chondrocyte layers in the growth plate are thinner
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