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Phenotypes associated with this allele
Allele Symbol
Allele Name
Allele ID 		Artm1Chc
targeted mutation 1, Chawnshang Chang
MGI:2451025
Summary 8 genotypes
Jump to Allelic Composition Genetic Background Genotype ID
cn1
 		Amhr2tm3(cre)Bhr/Amhr2+
Artm1Chc/Y 		involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 MGI:3775037
cn2
 		Artm1Chc/Y
Tg(Pbsn-cre)4Prb/0 		involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2 MGI:3773634
cn3
 		Artm1Chc/Y
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/0 		involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2 MGI:3775036
cn4
 		Artm1Chc/Ar+
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0 		involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N MGI:3773445
cn5
 		Artm1Chc/Artm1.1Chc
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0 		involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N MGI:3773446
cn6
 		Artm1Chc/Y
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0 		involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N MGI:3773444
cn7
 		Artm1Chc/Y
Plekha5Tg(AMH-cre)1Flor/Plekha5+ 		involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * SJL MGI:3773622
ot8
 		Artm1Chc/Y involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J MGI:3773443


Genotype
MGI:3775037
cn1
Allelic
Composition		 Amhr2tm3(cre)Bhr/Amhr2+
Artm1Chc/Y
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Amhr2tm3(cre)Bhr mutation (1 available); any Amhr2 mutation (27 available)
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (22 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
azoospermia ( J:118270 )
• no live sperm are found in epididymis
abnormal seminiferous tubule morphology ( J:118270 )
• no lumen is observed
• Seroli cell nuclei show disorganization and dislocalization
small seminiferous tubules ( J:118270 )
• tubules show reduced diameters
small testis ( J:118270 )
• testes are normally descended but only attain 31.1% of that in wild-type males
abnormal meiosis ( J:118270 )
• testes show a 2.8-fold decrease in diploid cells and 4-fold increase in tetraploid cells relative to wild-type
arrest of spermatogenesis ( J:118270 )
• no mature or elongated spermatid or spermatozoa are found
arrest of male meiosis ( J:118270 )
• germ cell development stops at stage around secondary spermatocyte to round spermatid
male infertility ( J:118270 )
• in three successive 2-week pairings with wild-type females, 14-week old males fail to impregnate the females; vaginal plugs were detected in females after mating

endocrine/exocrine glands
abnormal seminiferous tubule morphology ( J:118270 )
• no lumen is observed
• Seroli cell nuclei show disorganization and dislocalization
small seminiferous tubules ( J:118270 )
• tubules show reduced diameters
small testis ( J:118270 )
• testes are normally descended but only attain 31.1% of that in wild-type males

homeostasis/metabolism
decreased circulating testosterone level ( J:118270 )
• significantly decreased relative to wild-type males

cellular
azoospermia ( J:118270 )
• no live sperm are found in epididymis




Genotype
MGI:3773634
cn2
Allelic
Composition		 Artm1Chc/Y
Tg(Pbsn-cre)4Prb/0
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (22 available)
Tg(Pbsn-cre)4Prb mutation (2 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
reproductive system phenotype ( J:123402 )
N
• anogenital distances and internal urogenital organs, with exception of prostate gland, show no differences from wild-type
• no difference relative to wild-type in terms of fertility is observed
abnormal prostate gland morphology ( J:123402 )
• at 9 weeks of age, some ventral prostate ducts lose glandular infoldings and have abnormal epithelial cells; enlarged ducts have many sloughed epithelial cells
• by 14 weeks, glandular infoldings have become smaller and shorter, some with constriction at their base, and layers of sloughed epithelial cells are observed in prostate lumen; by 32 weeks, mutant tissue lacks glandular infolding
• by week 24, layers of sloughed epithelium, immune cells and DNA fragments are observed in lumen of ducts in ventral prostate; many TUNEL-positive cells are detected in prostatic lumen at 24 weeks
abnormal prostate gland epithelium morphology ( J:123402 )
• at 9 weeks of age, some ducts in the ventral prostate contain short or low cuboidal cells compared to taller or columnar epithelial cells in wild-type males; at 14 weeks, around 50% of ducts within the ventral prostate have altered epithelial architecture, with short poorly differentiated epithelial cells
• at 14-32 weeks, epithelial cells are shrunken
• by week 24, proliferation in the epithelium of all lobes except for anterior prostatic lobe is increased significantly compared to wild-type prostates
• epithelial cells appear to undergo anoikis and detach from the basement membrane
enlarged prostate gland ventral lobe ( J:123402 )
• at week 24, ventral prostates of mutants are substantially larger than in wild-type males
• however, dorsal-lateral prostates and anterior prostates show no changes in size

endocrine/exocrine glands
abnormal prostate gland morphology ( J:123402 )
• at 9 weeks of age, some ventral prostate ducts lose glandular infoldings and have abnormal epithelial cells; enlarged ducts have many sloughed epithelial cells
• by 14 weeks, glandular infoldings have become smaller and shorter, some with constriction at their base, and layers of sloughed epithelial cells are observed in prostate lumen; by 32 weeks, mutant tissue lacks glandular infolding
• by week 24, layers of sloughed epithelium, immune cells and DNA fragments are observed in lumen of ducts in ventral prostate; many TUNEL-positive cells are detected in prostatic lumen at 24 weeks
abnormal prostate gland epithelium morphology ( J:123402 )
• at 9 weeks of age, some ducts in the ventral prostate contain short or low cuboidal cells compared to taller or columnar epithelial cells in wild-type males; at 14 weeks, around 50% of ducts within the ventral prostate have altered epithelial architecture, with short poorly differentiated epithelial cells
• at 14-32 weeks, epithelial cells are shrunken
• by week 24, proliferation in the epithelium of all lobes except for anterior prostatic lobe is increased significantly compared to wild-type prostates
• epithelial cells appear to undergo anoikis and detach from the basement membrane
enlarged prostate gland ventral lobe ( J:123402 )
• at week 24, ventral prostates of mutants are substantially larger than in wild-type males
• however, dorsal-lateral prostates and anterior prostates show no changes in size

homeostasis/metabolism
homeostasis/metabolism phenotype ( J:123402 )
N
• serum testosterone levels at 12 and 24 weeks of age are similar to those in wild-type males




Genotype
MGI:3775036
cn3
Allelic
Composition		 Artm1Chc/Y
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/0
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (22 available)
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min mutation (1 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
reproductive system phenotype ( J:118270 )
N
• sperm counts are similar to those in wild-type males
• males are fertile; meiosis and spermatogenesis are unaffected
• testes are normal in size and morphology; serum testosterone levels are within normal range




Genotype
MGI:3773445
cn4
Allelic
Composition		 Artm1Chc/Ar+
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (22 available)
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt mutation (3 available); any Tmem163 mutation (35 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
decreased litter size ( J:81789 )
• litters from heterozygous females have fewer pups compared to those of control females




Genotype
MGI:3773446
cn5
Allelic
Composition		 Artm1Chc/Artm1.1Chc
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1.1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (22 available)
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (22 available)
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt mutation (3 available); any Tmem163 mutation (35 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
decreased ovary weight ( J:87193 )
• ovaries from 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than those of control females
decreased oviduct weight ( J:87193 )
• oviducts from 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than those of control females
decreased uterus weight ( J:87193 )
• uterI from 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than in control females
decreased litter size ( J:81789 )
• litters from homozygous females are have fewer pups compared to those of control females

behavior/neurological
abnormal nursing ( J:87193 )
• some mutant females display reluctant nursing behavior

endocrine/exocrine glands
enlarged thymus ( J:87193 )
• thymus in female mice is larger than in control females
abnormal mammary gland morphology ( J:87193 )
• mammary glands in 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than in control female littermates
abnormal branching of the mammary ductal tree ( J:87193 )
• by fourth to sixth weeks of age, ductal system has 30-50% less extension with reduced numbers of terminal end buds than in control females
• at maturity (8, 16 and 20 weeks) mammary glands are filled with large bloated ducts terminating with bloated ends; glands have fewer secondary and tertiary ductal branches compared to controls; during pregnancy, retarded ductal branches are partially restored, but mutant mammary glands still have less milk-producing alveoli than control glands
decreased ovary weight ( J:87193 )
• ovaries from 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than those of control females
abnormal lactation ( J:87193 )
• retardation of mammary gland development may affect capacity of females to provide milk for their offspring

hematopoietic system
enlarged thymus ( J:87193 )
• thymus in female mice is larger than in control females

immune system
enlarged thymus ( J:87193 )
• thymus in female mice is larger than in control females

integument
abnormal mammary gland morphology ( J:87193 )
• mammary glands in 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than in control female littermates
abnormal branching of the mammary ductal tree ( J:87193 )
• by fourth to sixth weeks of age, ductal system has 30-50% less extension with reduced numbers of terminal end buds than in control females
• at maturity (8, 16 and 20 weeks) mammary glands are filled with large bloated ducts terminating with bloated ends; glands have fewer secondary and tertiary ductal branches compared to controls; during pregnancy, retarded ductal branches are partially restored, but mutant mammary glands still have less milk-producing alveoli than control glands
abnormal lactation ( J:87193 )
• retardation of mammary gland development may affect capacity of females to provide milk for their offspring




Genotype
MGI:3773444
cn6
Allelic
Composition		 Artm1Chc/Y
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (22 available)
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt mutation (3 available); any Tmem163 mutation (35 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
cellular
abnormal spermatocyte morphology ( J:118270 )
• germ cell hypoplasia is observed
abnormal spermatogonia morphology ( J:81789 )
• spermatogonia are hypoplastic

growth/size/body
decreased body weight ( J:81789 , J:98775 )
• at 5 and 8 weeks, males have female-like appearance and body weights (18.8 grams and 20.1 grams) similar to females, and much lower than wild-type males (24.3 grams and 26.7 grams, respectively) (J:81789)
• mutants display significantly lower body weights than wild-type males at time-points up to 20 weeks (J:98775)
increased susceptibility to weight gain ( J:98775 )
• at 20 weeks, mutant and wild-type males show similar body weights, but from this point through 40 weeks, mutants gain weight faster than wild-type males

adipose tissue
increased white adipose tissue amount ( J:98775 )
• greater than in wild-type controls
abnormal fat cell morphology ( J:81789 , J:98775 )
• size and number of adipocytes start to be different from wild-type at 5 weeks, becoming more so by 8 weeks (J:81789)
• adipocytes are larger than in male controls at 35 weeks (J:98775)
increased gonadal fat pad weight ( J:98775 )
• significantly enlarged relative to wild-type male and female controls at 35 weeks
increased renal fat pad weight ( J:98775 )
• perirenal fat pad is significantly enlarged relative to wild-type male and female controls at 35 weeks

muscle
increased skeletal muscle triglyceride level ( J:98775 )
• skeletal muscle content is increased by 2.6-fold relative to wild-type

endocrine/exocrine glands
absent prostate gland ( J:81789 )
• agenesis in mutant males
absent seminal vesicle ( J:81789 )
• agenesis in mutant males
abnormal Sertoli cell morphology ( J:81789 , J:118270 )
• Sertoli cells show fibrillary degeneration; many pyknotic cells in seminiferous tubules contain apoptotic bodies (J:81789)
• some cells display apoptotic-like bodies (J:118270)
small seminiferous tubules ( J:118270 )
• tubules show reduced diameters
seminiferous tubule degeneration ( J:118270 )
• some apoptotic-like bodies are observed in some seminiferous tubules
• some tubules show degeneration
Leydig cell hypertrophy ( J:81789 )
• Leydig cells in interstitial space are hypertrophic
small testis ( J:118270 )
• size is 7% of wild-type males
testis hypoplasia ( J:81789 )
• testes are hypocellular compared to wild-type males
cryptorchism ( J:81789 , J:118270 )
• testis are located in low abdominal area close to internal inguinal ring (J:81789)
• testes are cryptorchid in low abdominal area, close to inguinal ring (J:118270)

homeostasis/metabolism
abnormal homeostasis ( J:81789 )
• mutants display leptin resistance at 35 weeks; treatment with exogenous leptin does not decrease eating behavior as seen in wild-type controls
increased circulating glucose level ( J:98775 )
• elevated blood glucose is observed at 20 weeks of age, persisting to at least 35 weeks under fasting and fed conditions
decreased circulating testosterone level ( J:81789 , J:98775 , J:118270 )
• levels are lower than in wild-type males (J:81789)
• markedly lower than in wild-type males (J:98775)
• significantly decreased relative to wild-type males (J:118270)
increased circulating insulin level ( J:98775 )
• levels are increased by 60% in fasting state and by 67% in fed state
increased circulating leptin level ( J:98775 )
• in fed state, serum leptin concentrations are elevated at 25 and 35 weeks
increased circulating triglyceride level ( J:98775 )
• skeletal muscle and hepatic triglyceride content are increased by 2.6- and 1.9 fold respectively relative to wild-type
impaired glucose tolerance ( J:98775 )
• observed with oral bolus glucose tolerance test; blood glucose is elevated throughout test and mice remain hyperglycemic 2 hours after glucose administration
insulin resistance ( J:98775 )
• at 25 and 35 weeks of age, mice are resistant to hypoglycemic effects of exogenous insuling
increased liver triglyceride level ( J:98775 )
• hepatic triglyceride content is increased by 1.9 fold relative to wild-type
increased skeletal muscle triglyceride level ( J:98775 )
• skeletal muscle content is increased by 2.6-fold relative to wild-type

reproductive system
abnormal spermatocyte morphology ( J:118270 )
• germ cell hypoplasia is observed
abnormal spermatogonia morphology ( J:81789 )
• spermatogonia are hypoplastic
abnormal anogenital distance ( J:81789 )
• in 5-week old males, mean distance is 0.55 cm, similar to females and shorter than in wild-type males (1.05 cm); at 8 weeks, distance is 0.59 cm compared to 1.12 cm in wild-type male littermates
absent prostate gland ( J:81789 )
• agenesis in mutant males
absent seminal vesicle ( J:81789 )
• agenesis in mutant males
abnormal Sertoli cell morphology ( J:81789 , J:118270 )
• Sertoli cells show fibrillary degeneration; many pyknotic cells in seminiferous tubules contain apoptotic bodies (J:81789)
• some cells display apoptotic-like bodies (J:118270)
small seminiferous tubules ( J:118270 )
• tubules show reduced diameters
seminiferous tubule degeneration ( J:118270 )
• some apoptotic-like bodies are observed in some seminiferous tubules
• some tubules show degeneration
Leydig cell hypertrophy ( J:81789 )
• Leydig cells in interstitial space are hypertrophic
small testis ( J:118270 )
• size is 7% of wild-type males
testis hypoplasia ( J:81789 )
• testes are hypocellular compared to wild-type males
cryptorchism ( J:81789 , J:118270 )
• testis are located in low abdominal area close to internal inguinal ring (J:81789)
• testes are cryptorchid in low abdominal area, close to inguinal ring (J:118270)
arrest of spermatogenesis ( J:81789 )
• appears to be arrested at pachytene stage; no round or elongated spermatids or mature spermatozoa are found in seminiferous tubules, while pachytene-stage spermatocytes are only occasionally found
arrest of male meiosis ( J:118270 )
• germ cell development stops at pachytene spermatocyte stage of the first meiosis division
abnormal external male genitalia morphology ( J:81789 )
• external male genitalia are feminized or absent
• however, female reproductive organs like the vagina, fallopian tubes, or uterus are not observed in male mutants
small penis ( J:81789 )
• penis seems microphallic
abnormal scrotum morphology ( J:81789 )
• poorly developed, resembles labia majora in females
absent external male genitalia ( J:81789 )
• external male genitalia may be absent
absent epididymis ( J:81789 )
• agenesis in mutant males
absent vas deferens ( J:81789 )
• agenesis in mutant males

skeleton
increased osteoclast cell number ( J:81789 )
• numbers in femoral metaphyses are higher than wild-type
abnormal long bone metaphysis morphology ( J:81789 )
• femora and tibiae metaphyses readily show decreased bone volumes
abnormal trabecular bone morphology ( J:81789 )
• cancellous bone volumes are lower than in female and wild-type male littermates
increased bone ossification ( J:81789 )
• mean values for mineral apposition and bone formation rates in femoral metaphyses are higher than in wild-type controls

renal/urinary system
small penis ( J:81789 )
• penis seems microphallic
hypospadia ( J:81789 )
• urethra shows hypospadia

immune system
increased osteoclast cell number ( J:81789 )
• numbers in femoral metaphyses are higher than wild-type

hematopoietic system
increased osteoclast cell number ( J:81789 )
• numbers in femoral metaphyses are higher than wild-type

digestive/alimentary system
abnormal anogenital distance ( J:81789 )
• in 5-week old males, mean distance is 0.55 cm, similar to females and shorter than in wild-type males (1.05 cm); at 8 weeks, distance is 0.59 cm compared to 1.12 cm in wild-type male littermates

liver/biliary system
increased liver triglyceride level ( J:98775 )
• hepatic triglyceride content is increased by 1.9 fold relative to wild-type




Genotype
MGI:3773622
cn7
Allelic
Composition		 Artm1Chc/Y
Plekha5Tg(AMH-cre)1Flor/Plekha5+
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * SJL
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (22 available)
Plekha5Tg(AMH-cre)1Flor mutation (1 available); any Plekha5 mutation (109 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
decreased male germ cell number ( J:89886 )
• mutant testes have fewer proliferating spermatogonia relative to wild-type
• there are increased numbers of apoptotic pachytene and metaphase spermatocytes compared to wild-type
abnormal seminiferous tubule morphology ( J:89886 , J:118270 )
• tubules display poor germ cell differentiation, and reduced cellularity, with most germ cell differentiation ceasing at the diplotene stage (J:89886)
• mutant testes show less active cell proliferation per tubule, and fewer proliferative tubules per testis (J:89886)
• no lumen is observed (J:118270)
small testis ( J:118270 )
• testes are normally descended but only attain 23.4% of that in wild-type males
decreased testis weight ( J:89886 )
• size of testes is reduced compared to wild-type males, with weights only one-third of wild-type testes
abnormal meiosis ( J:118270 )
• testes show a 3-fold increase in diploid cells, 2-fold increase in tetraploid cells and an 11-fold reduction in haploid cells
abnormal spermatogenesis ( J:89886 )
• mice have an increased number of tetraploid cells and a reduction in cells with a haploid DNA content
azoospermia ( J:89886 , J:118270 )
• analysis of epididymes detected only debris instead of normal, motile sperm as observed in wild-type males (J:89886)
• no live sperm are found in epididymis (J:118270)
arrest of male meiosis ( J:89886 , J:118270 )
• diploid to tetraploid germ cell ratio indicates spermatogenic arrest before the first meiosis (J:89886)
• little evidence of meiosis is observed, with no spermatids or spermatozoa, elongated or round detected in the testes (J:89886)
• germ cell development stops at pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocyte stage of the first meiosis division (J:118270)
male infertility ( J:89886 , J:118270 )
• 8-week old males fail to impregnate wild-type females in 3 successive 2-week pairings; vaginal plugs were detected but no pregnancies resulted (J:89886)
• in three successive 2-week pairings with wild-type females, 14-week old males fail to impregnated the females; vaginal plugs were detected in females after mating (J:118270)

endocrine/exocrine glands
abnormal seminiferous tubule morphology ( J:89886 , J:118270 )
• tubules display poor germ cell differentiation, and reduced cellularity, with most germ cell differentiation ceasing at the diplotene stage (J:89886)
• mutant testes show less active cell proliferation per tubule, and fewer proliferative tubules per testis (J:89886)
• no lumen is observed (J:118270)
small testis ( J:118270 )
• testes are normally descended but only attain 23.4% of that in wild-type males
decreased testis weight ( J:89886 )
• size of testes is reduced compared to wild-type males, with weights only one-third of wild-type testes

homeostasis/metabolism
decreased circulating testosterone level ( J:89886 , J:118270 )
• mutant males have lower serum testosterone levels than wild-type males (J:89886)
• significantly decreased relative to wild-type males (J:118270)
increased circulating follicle stimulating hormone level ( J:89886 )
• levels are marginally (10%) increased compared to control males
increased circulating luteinizing hormone level ( J:89886 )
• LH levels are increased in serum compared to wild-type males

cellular
decreased male germ cell number ( J:89886 )
• mutant testes have fewer proliferating spermatogonia relative to wild-type
• there are increased numbers of apoptotic pachytene and metaphase spermatocytes compared to wild-type
azoospermia ( J:89886 , J:118270 )
• analysis of epididymes detected only debris instead of normal, motile sperm as observed in wild-type males (J:89886)
• no live sperm are found in epididymis (J:118270)




Genotype
MGI:3773443
ot8
Allelic
Composition		 Artm1Chc/Y
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (22 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
normal phenotype
no abnormal phenotype detected ( J:81789 )
• mice have no obvious morphological or neurological abnormalities




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04/16/2024
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