Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• homozygotes are considerably reduced in numbers at 1 day after birth
• normal survival from 1 day of age to 1 year
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growth/size/body
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• survivors remain smaller than controls
• emaciated appearance
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• mean weight is 80% of controls in the first day after birth
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• significantly reduced growth rate prior to weaning
• weight is 69% of controls at 6.5 weeks of age
• weight deficits are never recovered
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behavior/neurological
poor grooming
(
J:70658
)
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• ungroomed coat
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• mating behavior of males is reduced with reduced plug formation when mated to control females
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• females ""plug"" less frequently when mated with wild-type males
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reproductive system
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• reduced uterine gland size
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• development only to the antral stage
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small uterus
(
J:70658
)
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• reduced size due to reductions in the muscularis layer as well as the uterine stroma and strata basalae
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• increased incidence of disruption but only in undescended testes
• round and elongated spermatids are rare
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• many cells at the luminal border of the epithelium in the undescended testes are degenerating
• multinucleated giant cells are often seen in the undescended testes
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small testis
(
J:70658
)
|
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• undescended testes are small
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cryptorchism
(
J:70658
)
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• may be unilateral or bilateral
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• follicular development does not continue beyond antral stage
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• reduced mating behavior
• disruption of spermatogenesis in undescended testes
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• thickness of the zona reticularis is reduced
• other regions of the adrenal are not consistently altered
• adrenal cell types are normal
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• thinning of the cortex with reduced numbers of lymphocytes
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• reduced cellularity
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• reduced uterine gland size
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• development only to the antral stage
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• many cells at the luminal border of the epithelium in the undescended testes are degenerating
• multinucleated giant cells are often seen in the undescended testes
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small testis
(
J:70658
)
|
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• undescended testes are small
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cryptorchism
(
J:70658
)
|
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• may be unilateral or bilateral
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immune system
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• at 4 weeks of age but not at 6 weeks of age
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• reduced proportion of early B cell progenitor cells seen at 4 weeks but not at 6 weeks of age
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• decreased numbers of double positive T cells in thymus at 4 weeks of age but not a 6 weeks
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• increased numbers of single positive T cells in thymus at 4 weeks of age but not a 6 weeks
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• at 4 weeks of age but not at 6 weeks
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• thinning of the cortex with reduced numbers of lymphocytes
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• reduced cellularity
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• reduced cellularity but overall spleen architecture is normal
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hematopoietic system
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• thinning of the cortex with reduced numbers of lymphocytes
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• reduced cellularity
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• at 4 weeks of age but not at 6 weeks of age
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• reduced proportion of early B cell progenitor cells seen at 4 weeks but not at 6 weeks of age
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• decreased numbers of double positive T cells in thymus at 4 weeks of age but not a 6 weeks
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• reduced cellularity
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• increased numbers of single positive T cells in thymus at 4 weeks of age but not a 6 weeks
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• reduced cellularity but overall spleen architecture is normal
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