Analysis Tools
respiratory system
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• E12.5 lungs lack sub-mesothelial mesenchyme to a greater extent than sub-epithelial mesenchyme resulting in an irregularly shaped distal mesenchymal edge
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Allele Symbol Allele Name Allele ID |
Fgf9tm1Dor targeted mutation 1, David Ornitz MGI:2135961 |
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| Summary |
8 genotypes
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• E12.5 lungs lack sub-mesothelial mesenchyme to a greater extent than sub-epithelial mesenchyme resulting in an irregularly shaped distal mesenchymal edge
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• mutants die shortly after birth
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• homozygotes die at birth
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• all mutant testes have reduced mesenchyme relative to controls
• testis growth, cord formation, and Sertoli and Leydig cell differentiation are disrupted in most XY gonads by E13.5-E14.5
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• depletion of peritubular myoid cells in XY gonads
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• two E13.5 XY gonads show impaired Sertoli cell differentiation
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• disrupted testicular cord formation in XY gonads
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• testis from phenotypically male mice has disorganized testicular cords
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• Ledyig cell differentiation is disrupted in most XY gonads
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• some gonads had disorganized cord development and depleted germ cell populations; all had reduced amounts of mesenchyme
• at E18.5, 2 of 24 homozygotes examined were identified as phenotypic males and showed testicular hypoplasia
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• phenotypically male embryos exhibit epididymal hypoplasia
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• at E18.5, one XY gonad displayed both epididymal-like and uterine tissue
• at E18.5, all 15 gonads from phenotypically female XY mice exhibited predominantly ovarian histology; however, 2 displayed occasional testis cord structures
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• at E18.5, 22 of 24 homozygotes examined had grossly female internal reproductive organs, suggesting male to female sex reversal
• 10 of 14 phenotypic females were in fact genotypic males (XY)
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• lungs exhibit overall reduced mesenchyme and reduced mesenchymal proliferation at E10.5-E11.5, however no differences in proliferation are seen at E13.5
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• lungs display decreased branching of airways as exhibited by the absence of secondary branching of the accessory lobe at E13.5, dilated and unbranched peripheral buds at E12.5-E13.5, fewer small diameter airways at E13.5-E18.5, and fewer alveolar sacs than controls
• however, mutants do show significant distal airspace formation and pneumocyte differentiation
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• mean weight of E18.5 lungs is 29% that of controls
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• 100% penetrance of lung hypoplasia
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• by 30 minutes after Caesarian section, mutants exhibit agonal breathing and cyanosis
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| N |
• mutants exhibit normal pituitary development
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• premature crypt-like structures occur in the small intestine of E18.5 embryos before the appearance of paneth cells
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• all mutant testes have reduced mesenchyme relative to controls
• testis growth, cord formation, and Sertoli and Leydig cell differentiation are disrupted in most XY gonads by E13.5-E14.5
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• depletion of peritubular myoid cells in XY gonads
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• two E13.5 XY gonads show impaired Sertoli cell differentiation
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• disrupted testicular cord formation in XY gonads
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• testis from phenotypically male mice has disorganized testicular cords
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• Ledyig cell differentiation is disrupted in most XY gonads
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• some gonads had disorganized cord development and depleted germ cell populations; all had reduced amounts of mesenchyme
• at E18.5, 2 of 24 homozygotes examined were identified as phenotypic males and showed testicular hypoplasia
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• about 40% of homozygous embryos exhibit cleft palate
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• about 40% of homozygous embryos exhibit cleft palate
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• absent cecal development, lacking both mesenchymal expansion and an epithelial bud
• cell proliferation in the embryonic cecum is reduced by 40% in epithelium and 47% in mesenchyme
• mesenchymal proliferation in cecal buds is significantly less than mesenchymal proliferation in the adjacent small intestine or colon, opposite of what is seen in wild-type
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• there is a 35% reduction in the length of the small intestine at E18.5 compared to controls
• differences in length are first evident at E14.5
• lumen diameter is unaffected in these mice suggesting the length of the intestine is altered in one dimension
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• premature crypt-like structures occur in the small intestine of E18.5 embryos before the appearance of paneth cells
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• proliferation of fibroblasts found in the proximal and distal small intestine mesenchyme is significantly reduced between E14.5 and E18.5
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• variable dilation of cardiac atria is observed at E14.5-E18.5
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• variable dilation of cardiac ventricles is observed at E14.5-E18.5
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• about 40% of homozygous embryos exhibit cleft palate
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• total mean body weight at E18.5 is 84% of controls
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• E18.5 pups can breathe initially, however they become severely cyanotic shortly thereafter
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• lungs exhibit overall reduced mesenchyme and reduced mesenchymal proliferation at E10.5-E11.5, however no differences in proliferation are seen at E13.5
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• individual cardiomyoblasts appear larger and premature differentiation of cardiomyoblasts is seen
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• at E12.5 the atria are enlarged
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• at E12.5 the hearts are smaller with a disproportionate loss of tissue at the apex of the heart and in the regions around the interventricular groove, however at E18.5 the patterning of the ventricles, septum, valves, and outflow tract are normal
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• biventricular dilation is seen in newborn mutants
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• biventricular dilation is seen in newborn mutants
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• decreased myocardial proliferation is seen at the apex of the heart and in the regions around the interventricular groove, however no significant difference in the levels of apoptosis is seen
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• decreased myocardial proliferation is seen at the apex of the heart and in the regions around the interventricular groove, however no significant difference in the levels of apoptosis is seen
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• decreased myocardial proliferation is seen at the apex of the heart and in the regions around the interventricular groove, however no significant difference in the levels of apoptosis is seen
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• increased ABR threshold at all test frequencies
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• increased ABR threshold at all test frequencies
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• at E12.5 the atria are enlarged
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• at E12.5, the hearts are smaller with a disproportionate loss of tissue at the apex of the heart and in the regions around the interventricular groove; however, the patterning of the ventricles, septum, valves, and outflow tract are normal
• double homozygotes are indistinguishable from Fgf9 single homozygotes
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Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO) |
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last database update 04/16/2024 MGI 6.23 |
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