Analysis Tools
growth/size/body
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• at 6 weeks of age, male homozygotes weigh significantly more than wild-type males; as adults, mutant males are, on average, 40% heavier than wild-type males
• increased growth is also significant but less pronounced in females, though adult female homozygotes typically attain the weight of wild-type males
• increased body weight results from the proportionate enlargement of most visceral organs and is not attributed to accumulated fatty tissue
• sexually dimorphic or male-specific organs are not disproportionately enlarged
• carcass weight is also increased, indicating that muscle and bone may contribute to increased size
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• male homozygotes display significantly a increased body length relative to wild-type males, although tail length is normal
• a similar but less pronounced trend is noted in the body length of female homozygotes
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• homozygotes display accelerated growth after weaning i.e. beginning at around 3-4 weeks of age
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limbs/digits/tail
long humerus
(
J:63006
)
long radius
(
J:63006
)
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• the mutant tibia is significantly longer than in wild-type controls
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long femur
(
J:63006
)
long tibia
(
J:63006
)
skeleton
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• male homozygotes display significantly increased long bone lengths relative to wild-type males
• a similar but less pronounced trend is noted in the long bone lengths of female homozygotes
• however, bone architecture, including the epiphiseal growth plates of the femur and tibia, is histologically normal
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long humerus
(
J:63006
)
long radius
(
J:63006
)
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• the mutant tibia is significantly longer than in wild-type controls
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long femur
(
J:63006
)
long tibia
(
J:63006
)
respiratory system
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• at 2 months of age, 6 of 9 male, but only 3 of 10 female homozygotes show increased collagen deposition around the bronchi and vessels of the lungs; some alveolar sacs are occasionally involved
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liver/biliary system
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• at 2 months of age, a minority of both male and female homozygotes display excess collagen accumulation around occasional hepatic vessels and bile ducts
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digestive/alimentary system
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• at 2 months of age, a minority of both male and female homozygotes display excess collagen accumulation in duct tissue of the pancreas
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• at 2 months of age, a minority of both male and female homozygotes display excess collagen accumulation in duct tissue of the salivary glands
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• at 2 months of age, a minority of both male and female homozygotes display excess collagen accumulation in duct tissue of the pancreas
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• at 2 months of age, a minority of both male and female homozygotes display excess collagen accumulation in duct tissue of the salivary glands
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• RNase protection assays indicate increased IGF-I production in several organs (heart, lungs and spleen), but not in liver, bone, fat or muscle
• however, no increase in serum IGF-I concentration is observed, consistent with normal production in the liver (major source of circulating IGF-I)
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• at 6-7 weeks of age, all male and female homozygotes studied show decreased levels of major urinary protein (MUP) in their urine
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renal/urinary system
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• at 6-7 weeks of age, all male and female homozygotes studied show decreased levels of major urinary protein (MUP) in their urine
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adipose tissue
| N |
• neither male nor female mutants accumulate significantly more abdominal fatty tissue than wild-type mice
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integument
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• adult homozygotes display a significantly thickened dermis, although most organs (including kidney, heart, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, femur, sternum, gonads and bladder) appear histologically normal
• dermal thickening is associated with excessive collagen accumulation in all of male (7/7), and less prominently in female (6/8) homozygotes
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N