Phenotypes associated with this allele
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Zp3tm1Dean mutation
(1 available);
any
Zp3 mutation
(40 available)
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cellular
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• oocytes lacked the zona pellucida matrix
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• disorganized corona radiata
• abnormal cumulus-oocyte complex allowing oocyte to dissociate from the cumulus mass
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reproductive system
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• oocytes lacked the zona pellucida matrix
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• disorganized corona radiata
• abnormal cumulus-oocyte complex allowing oocyte to dissociate from the cumulus mass
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• after hormone-induced ovulation, cumulus masses were present in the oviducts but zona-free eggs were observed in only half of the females and, in these, less than 10% of the normal number of eggs were recovered
• recovered eggs were unfertilized
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reproductive system
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N |
• ovarian histology of mice expressing human ZP2 and ZP3 in place of the native mouse proteins appears normal
• zonae pellucidae of oocytes from mice expressing human ZP2 and ZP3 in place of their mouse orthologs appear similar histologically to those of wild-type mice; human ZP2 and ZP3 proteins are immunohistologically detectable, with mouse ZP1, throughout the zona matrix
• cumulus-free ovulated oocytes expressing human instead of mouse ZP2 and ZP3 bind mouse sperm, but fail to bind human sperm
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• female mice expressing human in place of mouse ZP2 and ZP3 ovulate approximately half the number of oocytes as do wild-type females when primed with pregnant mare serum and stimulated with human chorionic gonadotrophin
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• although human ZP2/ZP3 transgenes rescue the sterility of female mice lacking mouse ZP2 and ZP3, their average litter size is smaller than that of wild-type or ZP2 rescue mice
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embryo
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• one- and two-cell embryos having human in place of mouse ZP2 and ZP3 exhibit persistent sperm binding, even after multiple washes using a wide-bore pipet
• cleavage of mouse ZP2 following fertilization is demonstrated by increased SDS-PAGE mobility of the reduced protein in the wild-type two-cell embryo versus in the ovulated oocyte; this mobility shift fails to occur in two-cell embryos in which human ZP2 and ZP3 replace their mouse orthologs
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• 24 hours after in vitro insemination, only 41% of ovulated oocytes in cumulus mass from female mice expressing human in place of mouse ZP2 and ZP3 had progressed to the 2-cell stage, versus 82% of wild-type and 68% of ZP2 rescue eggs
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Tg(ZP3)7812Dean mutation
(1 available)
Zp3tm1Dean mutation
(1 available);
any
Zp3 mutation
(40 available)
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cellular
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• the failure of zona pellucida formation by oocytes of mice lacking mouse ZP3 is rescued by expression of human ZP3, although these zonae appear thinner than those of wild-type oocytes or those expressing both mouse and human ZP3; the rescued zonae contain mouse ZP1 and ZP2
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reproductive system
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N |
• whereas female mice lacking ZP3 are infertile, those expressing human instead of mouse ZP3 produce normal offspring; in early generations their litter sizes were smaller than those of wild-type females or those expressing both mouse and human ZP3, but later studies have not borne out this observation
• whereas few or no eggs are recovered from gonadotropin-stimulated female mice lacking ZP3, similar numbers of eggs are retrieved from wild-type and human ZP3 rescue mice
• mouse sperm bind in vitro to cumulus-free ovulated oocytes in which mouse ZP3 has been replaced by human ZP3, but human sperm do not attach even transiently
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• the failure of zona pellucida formation by oocytes of mice lacking mouse ZP3 is rescued by expression of human ZP3, although these zonae appear thinner than those of wild-type oocytes or those expressing both mouse and human ZP3; the rescued zonae contain mouse ZP1 and ZP2
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embryo
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N |
• one- and two-celled embryos having the human protein in place of mouse ZP3, like wild-type embryos, do not continue to bind mouse sperm
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Analysis Tools